Jejunum and ileum
Find below some key facts about the jejunum and ileum:
- Total length: 6-7 meters together.
- Plays an essential role in nutrient absorption.
- No clear division between jejunum and ileum. Changes between both are gradual.
- If one draws a line from the right upper corner of the abdomen to its left lower corner, the jejunum generally lies above the line, but the ileum below it.
- Both jejunum and ileum contain permanent circular folds (also called plicae circulares or valvular conniventes) projecting into the intestinal lumen.
Jejunum:
- Mostly located in the left upper quadrant, makes ~2/5 of the total length of the small intestine.
- Has a thicker wall than the ileum due to the higher circular folds.
Ileum:
- Mostly located in the right lower quadrant and connects to the cecum at the ileocecal junction.
- Has a thinner wall.
- Further in its mesentery (“creeps” onto the tube).
- The folds of the ileum are sparse and low, but it has distinctive patches of lymphoid tissue (Peyer’s patches) that are often several centimeters long.
- Peristalsis is not forceful in the jejunum and ileum unless an obstruction is present.